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Impact of Abatacet treatment on synovial regulatory T-cell expression in PsA patients

Impact of Abatacet treatment on synovial regulatory T-cell expression in PsA patients Impact of Abatacet treatment on synovial regulatory T-cell expression in PsA patients
Impact of Abatacet treatment on synovial regulatory T-cell expression in PsA patients Impact of Abatacet treatment on synovial regulatory T-cell expression in PsA patients

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Abatacept could be considered a valid treatment option for PsA as it significantly reduced synovial regulatory T-cell expression and improved clinical outcomes in PsA with negligible effect on skin-related outcomes.

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting peripheral joints entheses and axial sites along with skin and nails. Szentpetery A et. Al., analyzed the changes in immunohistochemical expression markers of synovial and skin inflammation, clinical outcomes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scores with abatacept treatment in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). 

This single-centered, crossover study, recruited 15 PsA patients with active disease including synovitis of a knee and naïve to biological-treatment. The patient randomly received intravenous abatacept 3 mg/kg of body weight or placebo infusion on day 1, 15 and 29. After this abatacept 10 mg/kg of body weight was administered every 28 days for 5 months and the data was collected during each visit. Synovial biopsy of the involved knee was obtained at baseline, 2 and 6 months. Before arthroscopy, MRI of the same knee and skin biopsy was also performed.

Significant improvements was seen in the joint-related measures, in which 90% were European League Against Rheumatism criteria responders and 30% achieved psoriasis area severity index (PASI) 50 at 6 months. Synovitis (P=0.016) and vascularity (P=0.039) macroscopic scores were found to decrease consistently with decrease in total MRI score (P=0.016). Abatacept brought a decrease in the immunohistological expression of FOXP3+ cells (P=0.027), mainly the expression of CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) (P=0.008) in the synovium over 6 months. As such no significant clinical or immunohistological change in any of the skin measures was observed.

This is the first study performed to evaluate synovial and psoriatic skin immunopathological changes following abatacept treatment in PsA. Reduction in Treg expression in the synovium but not in the psoriatic lesion suggests abnormal Treg function in PsA with differential suppressive capacity in the synovium compared to the lesioned skin. Thus, indicating that abatacept 10 mg/kg of body weight might be an effective treatment option for joint disease in patients with PsA. 

Source:

Arthritis Research & Therapy

Article:

Abatacept reduces synovial regulatory T-cell expression in patients with psoriatic arthritis

Authors:

Agnes Szentpetery et. al.

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