Link between multivitamin use and risk of preeclampsia

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Created On: 20/09/2023

Preeclampsia (pregnancy‐induced disorder) is linked with unfavorable outcomes for both neonates and mothers. The potential impact of multivitamin consumption on reducing the likelihood of preeclampsia remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the potential connection between the use of multivitamins during pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia.

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Key take away

Multivitamin use during pregnancy might reduce the likelihood of developing preeclampsia.

Background

Method

Databases like PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were explored. This study encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case-control studies, and cohort studies that explored the potential relationship between multivitamin use and preeclampsia risk.

Studies focusing on treatment with single micronutrients were excluded from consideration. Utilizing random-effects models, relative risks and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. The assessment of bias risk and evidence quality employed RoB2, the Newcastle Ottawa Scale, and GRADE.

Result

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of six studies were incorporated, involving 33,356 women. Among these, merely two RCTs were identified, both indicating a visible reduction in the preeclampsia risk among multivitamin users. Owing to clinical diversity, these studies couldn't be pooled for meta-analysis.

When pooling observational studies using a random-effects model, the analysis exhibited no noteworthy change in the risk of preeclampsia following multivitamin use (relative risk 0.85, 95% CI 0.69-1.03). The level of evidence, as per the GRADE assessment, was of very low quality.

Conclusion

The available evidence, albeit weak, suggests that multivitamin utilization might have the potential for minimizing the risk of preeclampsia. However, more comprehensive research is imperative to ascertain this relationship. Priority must be given to conducting large-scale RCTs.