Data on baseline and demographic characteristics were extracted from publications, pooled and analyzed. Random-effects models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for HCV transmission and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Subgroup analyzes were performed taking into account study design factors and patient ethnicity. Funnel plots and the Higgins I2 test were used to evaluate data heterogeneity and publication bias of positive study results, respectively. A total of 28 studies involving 194,826 volunteers were included in the final analysis, of which 178,583 were included in the control group (91.7%) and 16,243 in the acupuncture group (8.3%).Data on baseline and demographic characteristics were extracted from publications, pooled and analyzed. Random-effects models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for HCV transmission and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Subgroup analyzes were performed taking into account study design factors and patient ethnicity. Funnel plots and the Higgins I2 test were used to evaluate data heterogeneity and publication bias of positive study results, respectively. A total of 28 studies involving 194,826 volunteers were included in the final analysis, of which 178,583 were included in the control group (91.7%) and 16,243 in the acupuncture group (8.3%).
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