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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common articular disease that is highly prevalent in aging population and expected to grow from 11% in 2006 to 25% by 2030.
Radiological features are found to be importanat aspect in the decision of viscosupplementation in patients with hip osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common articular disease that is highly prevalent in aging population and expected to grow from 11% in 2006 to 25% by 2030. The most frequent cause of lower limb OA is Hip OA (HOA) that significantly affects multiple aspects of quality of life. It is also thought to be linked to increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among older white women. The only solution for alleviation of HOA associated pain is the total hip replacement. However, total hip replacement may lead to increase in HOA related expenses during the last decade. Patients with mild or moderate HOA or those who cannot tolerate the surgery can be treated with analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), symptomatic slow acting drugs for OA (SYSADOAs), physiotherapy, rehabilitation, intra-articular (IA) steroid injections and viscosupplementation (VS). Viscosupplementation consists of IA injection(s) of a solution of hyaluronic acid (HA) and effectively reduces pain and enhances joint function by re-establishing the physiological and rheological homeostasis of OA joints. Also, VS has been established as an effective treatment for OA, but there are some conflicts in the existing data about the use of VS in the management of symptomatic HOA. The previous studies contradict the use of VS in patients with severe HOA awaiting hip replacement. In one of the retrospective study, only 1 out of 4 patients waiting for surgery was benefited with VS. The patients who did not consider surgery for short term had a high success rate (66.6%). These outcomes exhibit similarity with patients fulfilling the Minimal Clinically Important Improvement (MCII) in an uncontrolled trial. There is still a need of further research that focuses on predictive factors of response and their relationship with OA phenotype.
Rationale behind the research:
There is a lack of sufficient and clear evidences recommending the use of VS in the management of symptomatic HOA. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the clinical efficacy of VS in the treatment of mild to moderate HOA.
Objective:
To determine the clinical, radio logical and technical factors that may exert a positive or negative influence on the response to VS in patients suffering from HOA.
Study outcome measures:
The other study outcomes included evaluation of:
Time period: Baseline and 3 months
Study outcomes:
The results of this study identified predictive factors associated
with response of a single IA injection in patients with HOA and emphasized the
role of OA severity as a predictor of efficacy. The KL, JSN and osteophyte
grades were studied, and it was determined that the severity of JSN is the best
predictor of response to treatment. Previous studies have explained the
anti-inflammatory and pro-anabolic effects of exogenous HA on different joint
tissues such as synovium and cartilage that are helpful in improving symptom
following VS. However, it is important to calculate the inflammatory and
pro-catabolic profile of cartilage and synovium in case of severe OA lesions.
Therefore, it was assumed that HA properties will not be enough to counteract
the deleterious profile of OA tissues. A reduction in rheological properties of
synovial fluid were observed due to the decrease in molecular weight and
concentration of HA in OA joints, which can be partly restored by exogenous HA.
But, it is assumed that VS is less efficient when deep alterations occur in
rheologic properties as in severe OA.
Patients with high
WOMAC pain score and PGA score at baseline exhibits a poorer result than those
with medium pain level. Also, patients with low level of pain at baseline
attains less successful results than those with moderate pain. The other
parameters obtained were the role of patterns of femoral head
migration. Patients with superomedial and axial JSN showed better improvement
as compared to superolateral or posterior JSN. This observation was not
clarified by the results due to a small number of patients. The study also
suggested that patients with coxa profunda and FAI achieved better results than
patients with hip dysplasia. Also, it was confirmed that hip and knee OA are
two very different entities in terms of patient profile and treatment efficacy.
There was no association found between treatment response and patient’s
satisfaction.
VS with HAnox-M-XL can reduce pain by 50% or
more in more than half of patients with HOA and these evidences can be helpful
in designing a placebo-controlled trial to determine the real efficacy of hip
joint VS.
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders (2017) 18:3
Predictors of response to viscosupplementation in patients with hip osteoarthritis: results of a prospective, observational, multicentre, open-label, pilot study
Eymard et al.
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